SAP Hardware

SAP Hardware Overview

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The sap hardware is an essential component of a SAP system.

Hardware consists of:

  • Servers (middle tier and database tier computers)
  • Disk Storage System
  • Network Gear (routers, switches etc)
  • Take Backup Units

All of these components work together to create a healthy system.

Failure of even one component could halt the whole system, costing the company millions of dollars.

All kind of systems are available in SAP hardware marketplace, from small and medium user platforms to large and highly resilient platforms.

Some large platforms are also capable of scale on the fly to meet the changing needs.

When making an hardware purchase decision, solutions from different vendors should be compared.

Most solutions cannot be compared as apples to apples.

E.g. one solution could support the same workload as the other system but the level of scalability, availability, and reliability offered by the two systems could differ considerably.

Spending little more money upfront could save the company tons of dollars on monthly maintenance and downtime costs.

Server Hardware                                      

Server hardware comes in three main categories:

  • Small
  • Meidum
  • High

A server can cost from a few thousand dollars to several million.

Servers vary in performance as well.

Main factors influencing server performance include:

  • CPUs
  • Speed of CPUs
  • Amount of RAM
  • Internal server architecture
  • Support for high-speed disk operations
  • Servers also vary in terms of configuration flexibility and adaptability. 

SAP Hardware Solution       

  • An SAP solution may utilize severs from any of the three categories.
  • Typically high performance servers are used at database tier, while a middle tier could utilize inexpensive servers.
  • Some businesses choose to utilize high performance machines at all tiers. Machines could be carved up into partitions or virtual machines.
  • While other businesses might decide to go with low end hardware across the board relying on SAP’s horizontal scalability.

Propriety Platforms                                               

  • Most large hardware vendors use proprietary CPU (Central Processing Units) chips in their machines.
  • Also most large vendors support only proprietary OS (Operating System)
  • Examples are:
  • IBMS’s POwerPC chip runing AIX operating system.
  • HP’s end-of-plife PA-RISC running HP-UX operating system.
  • HP’s Itanium2-based IA64 running HP-UX operating system.

You should also explore the ability of the machine to run other operating system as well. If you seek to retire SAP then you can simply use the same box internally after deploying less expensive operating system like Linux.


For example HP’s Itanium2-based IA64 also supports Linux and Windows operating systems.

64 Platforms                                

  • Late trend is investing in x64 platforms.
  • An x64 platform is a low cost server based on Intel or AMD CPU rather than proprietary CPU.
  • Windows based desktops and laptops that you buy from retail stores are also x64 machines.
  • Recently x64 machines have become very powerful and now are rivaling proprietary systems in terms of high availability and visualization options.
  • HP and Dell are big players in this market. Sun also offers bit of a choice.
  • One time low up front cost should be a decision making criteria. Total cost through the life time of the system should be considered while making a decision.

High Availability                                      

  • High availability feature is very important for an SAP system.
  • Even if you are incurring additional charges you should consider high availablity feature for SAP.
  • High availability is an implementation of features that ensures a certain absolute degree of operational continuity.
  • High availability features include:
  • Redundant power supplies
  • Disk array controllers (RAID) (array of disks keeps system running even if one disk fails)
  • Support for multiple network cards
  • Networks should be configured in a redundant fashion as well. Using dual network switches is a good example in this regards.

Hardware Sizing for SAP ERP

Hardware Sizing is done in a systematic way in SAP to decide the capacity and speed of the servers and networks. Sizing include different parameters like number of users, frequency of data entering,amount of memory consumption etc. Sizing hardware is important for budgeting hardware equipment prior to the kick off of the project. There are three methods of sizing.
  • Hardware budget sizing (Smaller Companies)
  • Advanced Sizing(Medium to large companies)
  • Expert Sizing(Complex Projects)
Budget sizing is done using simple algorithms and assumptions. Throughput estimations and formulas are used for advanced sizing and some custom calculations are using for expert sizing.
A count called SAPS (SAP Application Performance Standard) is used with a tool called ‘Quick Sizer’ to sizing the hardware of a SAP system. SAPS is a hardware independent measurement. SAPS has derived from the Sales and Distribution benchmark where 100 SAPS is defined as 2,000 fully business processed order line items per hour. Find more in the SAP official site.
Its important to discuss with the people who operates with data manually or digitally in the legacy system to get an accurate SAPS count. After sizing hardware required for your SAP system you can choose your database system and server operating systems. SAP is platform independent.